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Keywords

Endometriosis, Eumenorrhea, Eumenorrheic, Gynecology and Obstetrics (OB/GYN), Maternal Mortality, Menopause, Menstrual Cycle, Reproductive Health

Abstract

Barriers to adequate healthcare for women stem from a lack of research on their specific health needs, gender-based biases in healthcare, and harmful societal norms. One key aspect highlighting these disparities is the menstrual cycle—a topic unique to women. Menstrual health, defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, illustrates the urgent need for greater focus on reproductive health. Despite its significance, the dialogue and knowledge about reproductive health remain limited; an issue which is exacerbated by societal attitudes of secrecy and shame. These attitudes create barriers that hinder many women in the United States from accessing adequate healthcare. As a result, trust in healthcare providers has diminished, further widening the gap in care. The stigma surrounding menstruation and menopause perpetuates the avoidance of sensitive but necessary discussions, leaving many girls and women unprepared for these life transitions. Combined, these barriers can lead to severe consequences, including disproportionate disease effects and, in extreme cases, death. Addressing these issues requires greater education and open dialogue about menopause and menstruation to help women navigate these critical stages of life.

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