Keywords
spatial modelling, gis, lidar, air pollution
Start Date
1-7-2006 12:00 AM
Abstract
Air pollution of urban areas can be explored by direct monitoring, mathematical modeling and physical simulation in the wind tunnels. Complex analysis requires using of all mentioned approaches together. To integrate the data inputs and outputs, which include spatio-temporal interactions, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is used for database management and spatial analysis. The geodatabase is primarily developed to support spatial interpolations of LIDAR measurements in the street canyons. The LIDAR measurements provide the information about the distribution of pollutants in the points along the beam trajectories. As the examples, the sets of NO2 spatial measurements are performed in the area of the street canyon in Prague. To estimate the levels of concentrations in the neighbor points, deterministic methods (IDW) and geostatistical methods (ordinary kriging) are used in the frame of the GIS projects. The interpolations provide the distribution of pollutant concentrations in the vertical planes, which are used for better understanding of air pollution in the street canyons. In addition to the interpolated pollutant concentrations in the 3D space, the attached GIS layers represent digital terrain models with buildings and vegetation, aerial and satellite images, surrounding sources of pollution and other thematic map layers. The integration of all mentioned data enables to extend our knowledge of the pollutants distribution and consecutively the influence on living environment. The developed projects can be included into more complex approaches, which can help local and state authorities to improve their decision making management and to carry out risk assessment analysis.
Spatial Estimations of Air Pollution in Street Canyons by LIDAR Measurements
Air pollution of urban areas can be explored by direct monitoring, mathematical modeling and physical simulation in the wind tunnels. Complex analysis requires using of all mentioned approaches together. To integrate the data inputs and outputs, which include spatio-temporal interactions, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is used for database management and spatial analysis. The geodatabase is primarily developed to support spatial interpolations of LIDAR measurements in the street canyons. The LIDAR measurements provide the information about the distribution of pollutants in the points along the beam trajectories. As the examples, the sets of NO2 spatial measurements are performed in the area of the street canyon in Prague. To estimate the levels of concentrations in the neighbor points, deterministic methods (IDW) and geostatistical methods (ordinary kriging) are used in the frame of the GIS projects. The interpolations provide the distribution of pollutant concentrations in the vertical planes, which are used for better understanding of air pollution in the street canyons. In addition to the interpolated pollutant concentrations in the 3D space, the attached GIS layers represent digital terrain models with buildings and vegetation, aerial and satellite images, surrounding sources of pollution and other thematic map layers. The integration of all mentioned data enables to extend our knowledge of the pollutants distribution and consecutively the influence on living environment. The developed projects can be included into more complex approaches, which can help local and state authorities to improve their decision making management and to carry out risk assessment analysis.
