Keywords
spatial modelling, gis, air pollution, lidar
Start Date
1-7-2004 12:00 AM
Abstract
A wide range of data collected by monitoring systems and by mathematical and physical modellingcan be managed in the frame of spatial models developed in the GIS. In addition to data management andstandard environmental analysis of air pollution, data from remote sensing (aerial and satellite images) canextend all the data sets. In spite of that simulation of air pollutant distribution is carried out by standalonecomputer systems, the spatial database in the frame of the GIS is used to support decision-making processesin a more efficient way. Mostly, data are included in the map layers as attributes. Other map layers are carriedout by the methods of spatial interpolation, raster algebra and case oriented analysis. A series of extensions isbuilt in the GIS to adapt its functionality. As examples, the spatial models of the flat urban area and the streetcanyon with extensive traffic polluted with NOx are constructed. Different scales of the spatial models requirevariant methods of construction, data management and spatial data sources. The measurement of NOx and O3by the automatic monitoring system and data from the differential absorption LIDAR are used forinvestigation of air pollution. Spatial data contain digital maps of both the areas complemented by digitalelevation models. Environmental analyses represent spatial interpolations of air pollution that are displayed inhorizontal and vertical plains. Case oriented analyses are mostly focused on risk assessment methods. Finally,the LIDAR monitoring results and the results obtained by modelling and spatial analyses are discussed in thecontext of environmental management of the urban areas. The spatial models and their extensions aredeveloped in the frame of the ESRI’s ArcGIS and ArcView programming tools. Aerial and satellite imagespreprocessed by the ERDAS Imagine represent areas of Prague.
Spatial Modelling of Air Pollution in Urban Areas with GIS: A Case Study on Integrated Database Development
A wide range of data collected by monitoring systems and by mathematical and physical modellingcan be managed in the frame of spatial models developed in the GIS. In addition to data management andstandard environmental analysis of air pollution, data from remote sensing (aerial and satellite images) canextend all the data sets. In spite of that simulation of air pollutant distribution is carried out by standalonecomputer systems, the spatial database in the frame of the GIS is used to support decision-making processesin a more efficient way. Mostly, data are included in the map layers as attributes. Other map layers are carriedout by the methods of spatial interpolation, raster algebra and case oriented analysis. A series of extensions isbuilt in the GIS to adapt its functionality. As examples, the spatial models of the flat urban area and the streetcanyon with extensive traffic polluted with NOx are constructed. Different scales of the spatial models requirevariant methods of construction, data management and spatial data sources. The measurement of NOx and O3by the automatic monitoring system and data from the differential absorption LIDAR are used forinvestigation of air pollution. Spatial data contain digital maps of both the areas complemented by digitalelevation models. Environmental analyses represent spatial interpolations of air pollution that are displayed inhorizontal and vertical plains. Case oriented analyses are mostly focused on risk assessment methods. Finally,the LIDAR monitoring results and the results obtained by modelling and spatial analyses are discussed in thecontext of environmental management of the urban areas. The spatial models and their extensions aredeveloped in the frame of the ESRI’s ArcGIS and ArcView programming tools. Aerial and satellite imagespreprocessed by the ERDAS Imagine represent areas of Prague.
