Keywords
quasi-hyperbolic discounting, present bias, sophistication, naiveté, commitment, flexibility, savings, contract design, defined contribution retirement plan, 401(k), IRA
Abstract
Previous research has shown that some people voluntarily use commitment contracts that restrict their own choice sets. We study how people divide money between two accounts: a liquid account that permits unrestricted withdrawals and a commitment account that is randomly assigned in a between-subject design to have either a 10% earlywithdrawal penalty, or a 20% early withdrawal penalty, or not to allowearlywithdrawals at all (i.e., an infinite penalty).When the liquid account and the commitment account pay the same interest rate, higher early-withdrawal penalties attract more commitment account deposits. This pattern is predicted by the hypothesis that some participants are partially- or fully-sophisticated present-biased agents. Such agents perceive that higher penalties generate greater scope for commitment by disincentivizing (penalized) early withdrawals. The experiment also shows that when the commitment account pays a higher interest rate than the liquid account, the positive empirical slope relating penalties and commitment deposits is flattened, suggesting that naïve present-biased agents or agents with standard exponential discounting are also in our sample. Across all of our experimental treatments, higher early withdrawal penalties on the commitment account sometimes increase and never reduce allocations to the commitment account.
Original Publication Citation
“Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?” 2020. Journal of Public Economics, Vol. 183 (March 2020) (with John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Harris, David Laibson, and Jung Sakong). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104144
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Beshears, John; Choi, James J.; Harris, Christopher; Laibson, David; Madrian, Brigitte C.; and Sakong, Jung, "Which Early Withdrawal Penalty Attracts the Most Deposits to a Commitment Savings Account?" (2020). Faculty Publications. 8952.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/8952
Document Type
Peer-Reviewed Article
Publication Date
2020
Publisher
Journal of Public Economics
Language
English
College
Marriott School of Business
Department
Finance
Copyright Status
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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