Keywords

aircraft trajectory, UAV, energy systems, winter solstice, model predictive control, solar energy, solar power, aerodynamic efficiency, aerodynamic force, flight path angle

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the use of nonlinear dynamic optimization to calculate energy-optimal trajectories for a high-altitude, solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The objective is to maximize the total energy in the system while staying within a 3 km mission radius and meeting other system constraints. Solar energy capture is modeled using the vehicle orientation and solar position, and energy is stored both in batteries and in potential energy through elevation gain. Energy capture is maximized by optimally adjusting the angle of the aircraft surface relative to the sun. The UAV flight and energy system dynamics are optimized over a 24 h period at an 8 s time resolution using nonlinear model predictive control. Results of the simulated flights are presented for all four seasons, showing an 8.2% increase in end-of-day battery energy for the most limiting flight condition of the winter solstice.

Original Publication Citation

Dynamic Optimization of High-Altitude Solar Aircraft Trajectories Under Station-Keeping Constraints R. Abraham Martin, Nathaniel S. Gates, Andrew Ning, and John D. Hedengren Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 2019 42:3, 538-552

Document Type

Peer-Reviewed Article

Publication Date

2018-11-26

Publisher

Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics

Language

English

College

Ira A. Fulton College of Engineering

Department

Chemical Engineering

University Standing at Time of Publication

Full Professor

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