Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Southern Paiute Horticulture in the St. George Basin, Southwestern Utah

Keywords

Southern Paiute, archaeology, archaeobotany

Abstract

Although ethnographic descriptions of the Southern Paiute usually portray them as hunter-gatherers who only dabbled with farming, historic records demonstrate that Paiutes were growing maize prior to the arrival of the first Spanish explorers. These records further suggest that in the St. George Basin of southwestern Utah, Southern Paiute farming was relatively intensive in the decades before the arrival of Mormon settlers. Numerous Late Prehistoric and Protohistoric archaeological sites have been excavated in the St. George Basin, but subsistence activities at most excavated sites appear to be centered around wild plant gathering and processing. This essay describes excavations of two Protohistoric features near the Santa Clara River that provide evidence for Southern Paiute horticulture, including wheat grains and abundant maize cob and kernel fragments. The evidence for Southern Paiute horticulture in the St. George Basin remains ambiguous, however, with apparent contradictions between the historic record and the bulk of the archaeological evidence. This may be because intensive farming only occurred in limited areas, and almost none of the archaeological research has been along the river margins.

Original Publication Citation

James R. Allison, Cathryn M. Meegan, and Shawn Sabrina Murray 2008 Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Southern Paiute Horticulture in the Saint George Basin, Southwestern Utah. Kiva 73(4):417-449.

Document Type

Peer-Reviewed Article

Publication Date

2008

Publisher

Kiva

Language

English

College

Family, Home, and Social Sciences

Department

Anthropology

University Standing at Time of Publication

Assistant Professor

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