Keywords
AMPs, AMPcgs, immune response
Abstract
Mammalian antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effectors of the innate immune response. A multitude of signals coming from pathways of mammalian pathogen/pattern recognition receptors and other proteins affect the expression of AMP-coding genes (AMPcgs). For many AMPcgs the promoter elements and transcription factors that control their tissue cell-specific expression have yet to be fully identified and characterized. Results- Based upon the RIKEN full-length cDNA and public sequence data derived from human, mouse and rat, we identified 178 candidate AMP transcripts derived from 61 genes belonging to 29 AMP families. However, only for 31 mouse genes belonging to 22 AMP families we were able to determine true orthologous relationships with 30 human and 15 rat sequences. We screened the promoter regions of AMPcgs in the three species for motifs by an ab initio motif finding method and analyzed the derived promoter characteristics. Promoter models were developed for alpha-defensins, penk and zap AMP families. The results suggest a core set of transcription factors (TFs) that regulate the transcription of AMPcg families in mouse, rat and human. The three most frequent core TFs groups include liver-, nervous system-specific and nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs). Out of 440 motifs analyzed, we found that three represent potentially novel TF-binding motifs enriched in promoters of AMPcgs, while the other four motifs appear to be species-specific. Conclusion- Our large-scale computational analysis of promoters of 22 families of AMPcgs across three mammalian species suggests that their key transcriptional regulators are likely to be TFs of the liver-, nervous system-specific and NHR groups. The computationally inferred promoter elements and potential TF binding motifs provide a rich resource for targeted experimental validation of TF binding and signaling studies that aim at the regulation of mouse, rat or human AMPcgs.
Original Publication Citation
BMC Bioinformatics, Vol. 7, (18 December 26), 5.
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Lin, Chin-Yo; Brahmachary, Manisha; Schonbach, Christian; Yang, Liang; Huang, Enli; Tan, Sin Lam; Chowdhary, Rajesh; Krishnan, S. P. T.; Hume, David A.; Kai, Chikatoshi; Kawai, Jun; Carninci, Piero; Hayashizaki, Yoshihide; and Bajic, Vladimir B., "Computational promoter analysis of mouse, rat, and human antimicrobial peptide-coding genes" (2006). Faculty Publications. 1279.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/1279
Document Type
Presentation
Publication Date
2006-12-18
Permanent URL
http://hdl.lib.byu.edu/1877/2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Language
English
College
Life Sciences
Department
Microbiology and Molecular Biology
Copyright Status
© 2006 Brahmachary et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Copyright Use Information
http://lib.byu.edu/about/copyright/