Abstract

Researchers have commonly clustered together both binary transgender and non-binary individuals in their research studies. When assessing attitudes, it is likely that attitudes toward these two groups have been combined leading to valuable reports of attitudes missing from the literature. While measurements within the field of psychology have been created to assess attitudes toward binary transgender individuals, there currently is no measurement to assess attitudes toward non-binary individuals. As such, three studies were conducted to create a reliable and valid measurement of attitudes toward non-binary individuals. In Study 1 Part 1, 33 items were reworded and utilized from previously created measurements assessing attitudes toward LGBTQ individuals and 7 items were created to provide a basis for this measurement. In Study 1 Part 2, responses from six non-binary expert judges were collected that included feedback and thoughts pertaining to the 40 measurement items created in Study 1 Part 1 and thematic analysis was conducted. In Study 1 Part 3, the 40 measurement items were either omitted, kept as is, or revised. Furthermore, additional measurement items were created based on the feedback from the non-binary expert judges. In Study 2, 400 cisgender, heterosexual women and men responded to 50 items from the revised measurement, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and reliability was assessed. An independent samples t-test was conducted to examine gender differences between women and men regarding their attitudes toward non-binary individuals, and no gender differences were observed. In Study 3, 400 participants responded to 47 items, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and both reliability and validity were assessed. Additionally, an independent samples t-test was conducted to examine gender differences between women and men regarding their attitudes toward non-binary individuals, and these results were identical to the results in Study 2. Implications of the Attitudes Toward Non-Binary Individuals Measurement, strength of the studies, limitations, and future directions were discussed. Ultimately, this measurement is the first within the field of psychology to assess attitudes toward non-binary individuals.

Degree

PhD

College and Department

Family, Home, and Social Sciences; Psychology

Rights

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