Title (Spanish)
Medidas zoométricas de llamas (Lama glama) de unidades de producción familiar campesina en campos naturales de pastoreo T'olar y Pajonal en el municipio Santiago de Machaca - departamento de La Paz
Abstract
Llamas have provided, and continue to provide, fiber, meat, skins, fertilizer and transport for the Andean people. In addition, they are part of the traditional and religious culture of the Aymara and the Quechua. Both are currently unaware of the productive qualities of llamas, especially those related to meat production, which is the principle product responsible for generating greater income for farmers. For this reason, 554 llamas were evaluated from a total of 3,693 in 2005. The llamas came from T’olar and Pajonal grasslands in the Santiago de Machaca region of La Paz, Bolivia and represented males and females from four age categories (newborn, 1-2 years, juvenile, and adult). They were evaluated with the objective of determining the zoometric measurements of llamas fed on T’olar and Pajonal grasses. Evaluations were categorized according to gender and age group, while also applying descriptive statistics of zoometric measurements of llama anatomy including the head, neck, thorax, and abdomen regions, as well as height, weight, and fur thickness. The Pv measurement for T’olar fed llamas (64.4 kg) was higher than that of the Pajonal fed llamas (59.9 kg). With respect to gender, females (67.1 kg) were larger than males (53.0 kg). Adults were the largest age group (89.7 kg), followed by juveniles (85.9 kg), 1-2 years (58.7 kg) and newborns (34.1 kg). The T’olar llamas achieved better results than the Pajonal llamas. Furthermore, females were superior to males, most likely due to the large number of females as compared to males in the llamas. Zoometric measurements increased with age, generally reaching a statistically significant margin (P<0.01) between age groups. Growth was greatest between the newborn and juvenile groups but it ultimately slowed down afterwards.
Abstract (Spanish)
Las llamas brindaron y aún brindan al poblador andino fibra, carne, pieles, abono y transporte; además se encuentra relacionado con la cultura tradicional y religiosa de aymaras y quechuas, quienes actualmente desconocen las cualidades productivas principalmente en aquellos relacionados a la producción de carne, siendo este el principal producto que mayor ingresos genera para los criadores, por esta razón el año 2005, región Santiago de Machaca del departamento de La Paz, Bolivia, se evaluaron a 554 llamas q'ara de 3693 animales, de CANAPA t'olar y pajonal, machos y hembras de cuatro categorías de edad (cría, ancuta, joven y adulto), con el objetivo de determinar las medidas zoométricas de las regiones de la cabeza, cuello, tórax, abdomen, altos y largos, y perímetros de cañas. De la presente investigación se obtuvieron los siguientes promedios: 62.2 kg (Pv); en (cm) 25.4 (Cl), 12.5 Cal), 12.6 (Can), 14.6 (Clo), 6.9 (Cao), 5.4 (Ci), 48.2 (Kl), 26.3 (Kps), 33.5 (Kpi), 11.7 (Kes), 91.1 (Tpe), 27.6 (Ta), 37.1 (Tpr), 24.5 (Lest), 71.2(Ape), 25.3 (Aag), 7.4 (Api), 19.5 (Ailiu), 139.6 (Hc), 89.4 (Hcr), 91.9 (Hgr), 84.9 (Lcu), 73.8 (Ld), 22.0 (Lco), 10.2 (Pña) y 10.4 (Pñp). El Pv de CANAPA t'olar (64.4 kg) es superior al de CANAPA pajonal (59.9 kg). Las hembras (67.1 kg) son superiores a los machos (53.0 kg); en categoría de edad superior los adultos (89.7 kg), seguido por jóvenes (85.9 kg), luego por ancutas (58.7 kg) y finalmente por crías (34.1 kg). Las llamas de CANAPA t'olar alcanzaron mejores resultados con relación a los de CANAPA pajonal, asimismo las hebras fueron superiores a los machos, seguramente debido a la presencia mayoritaria de hembras y escasos machos en las tamas, también las medidas biométricas incrementan con la edad, hallándose por lo general un margen estadístico significativo (P<0,01) entre las categorías de edad, donde el crecimiento es mayor en crías hasta la edad joven y luego el crecimiento es lento.
Rights
http://lib.byu.edu/about/copyright/
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Tuco Cano, Eloy, "Zoometric measures in llamas (Lama glama) of rural families in the T'olar and Pajonal natural grazing fields of the municipality Santiago de Machaca - department of La Paz" (2009). Theses and Dissertations. 5440.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5440
Date Submitted
2009
Document Type
Thesis
Handle
http://hdl.lib.byu.edu/1877/etdm900
First Advisor
Santiago Copa Quispe
Second Advisor
Ramiro Ochoa Torrez
Keywords
Llamas, llama farms, Bolivia
Language
Spanish
Copyright Status
Licensed from Eloy Tuco Cano, 2009
Additional Information
Thesis (Ing. Zootécnica)--Unidad Académica Campesina Tiahuanaco. Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo", 2009
Coverage
La Paz (Bolivia)