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Journal of Undergraduate Research

Keywords

Phob, mutations, phosphate regulation, PhoA, PhoB, PhoR

College

Life Sciences

Department

Microbiology and Molecular Biology

Abstract

Within the prokaryotic cell, the intake of essential nutrients is continuously regulated by intracellular mechanisms. When fundamental nutrients become scarce, cellular stress responses are activated to enable the cell to survive in a harsh environment. Recent studies have shown a two-component regulatory mechanism which enhances Escherichia coli intracellular phosphate uptake in a phosphatepoor environment (5). This system, called the Pho system, consists of a sensor (PhoR) and an activator (PhoB). When environmental phosphate is limited, PhoR becomes autophosphorylated and in turn phosphorylates PhoB (4). The phosphorylated PhoB recognizes and binds to a consensus sequence called the “pho box” and transcription of phosphate uptake and processing genes is enhanced (2). PhoA, or alkaline phosphatase (AP), is an enzyme produced by one of these genes; intracellular levels of PhoA increase as phosphate concentrations decrease in the cellular environment (3). PhoA cleaves bound phosphate in the periplasmic (outer) space of the cell so that it can be transported into the cytoplasm, or inner area of the cell.

Included in

Microbiology Commons

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