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Journal of Undergraduate Research

Keywords

ICC, International Criminal Court, global tribunal, war crimes

College

Humanities

Department

English

Abstract

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent global tribunal designed to bring to justice the individual perpetrators of heinous war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. Although there are a number of opinions in circulation regarding the full history behind the ICC, the general consensus is that the idea first gained popularity after World War II and the criminal trials that were conducted at Nuremberg and Tokyo. During the decades that followed, the ICC plan was resurrected a number of times, but never with enough success to permanently establish it. The development of ad-hoc international criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in the mid-90’s spurred ICC supporters to action once again, resulting in a five-week UN conference in Rome. On July 17, 1998, at the conclusion of the conference, a majority of 120 nations finally voted the ICC into permanent existence. The ICC will not go into effect, however, until 60 nations have officially ratified the Rome Statute; so far 14 have done so.

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