Cigarette Smoke Increases Cardiomyocyte Ceramide Accumulation and Inhibits Mitochondrial Respiration
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a common and lethal worldwide habit, with considerable mortality stemming from its deleterious effects on heart function. While current theories posit altered blood lipids and fibrinogen metabolism as likely mediators, none have explored the role of the sphingolipid ceramide in exacerbating heart function with smoke exposure. Ceramide production is a consequence of cigarette smoke in the lung, and considering ceramide's harmful effects on mitochondrial function, we sought to elucidate the role of ceramide in mediating smoke-induced altered heart mitochondrial respiration. Lung cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract and heart cells were exposed to the lung-cell conditioned medium. Adult male mice were exposed sidestream cigarette smoke for 8 weeks with dietary intervention and ceramide inhibition. Ceramides and heart cell or myocardial mitochondrial respiration were determined. Lung cell cultures revealed a robust response to cigarette smoke extract in both production and secretion of ceramides. Heart cells incubated with lung-cell conditioned medium revealed a pronounced inhibition of myocardial mitochondrial respiration, though this effect was mitigated with ceramide inhibition via myriocin. In vivo, heart ceramides increased roughly 600% in adult mice with long-term sidestream cigarette smoke exposure. This resulted in a significant ceramide-dependent reduction in left myocardial mitochondrial respiration, as heart mitochondria from the mice exposed to both smoke and myriocin injections respired normally. These results suggest ceramide to be an important mediator of altered myocardial mitochondrial function with cigarette smoke exposure. Thus, anti-ceramide therapies might be considered in the future to protect heart mitochondrial function with smoke exposure.
Degree
MS
College and Department
Life Sciences; Physiology and Developmental Biology
Rights
http://lib.byu.edu/about/copyright/
BYU ScholarsArchive Citation
Tippetts, Trevor Stanley, "Cigarette Smoke Increases Cardiomyocyte Ceramide Accumulation and Inhibits Mitochondrial Respiration" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 5596.
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5596
Date Submitted
2015-06-01
Document Type
Thesis
Handle
http://hdl.lib.byu.edu/1877/etd7385
Keywords
ceramide, heart, cigarette smoke, mitochondria
Language
english